Artificial Smell Technology Tested to Reduce Human–Wildlife Conflict

Bhairahawa (Rupandehi), May 4: A new technology using artificial scent signals has been tested in the Tarai region to reduce increasing human–wildlife conflict in buffer zone settlements.

Implemented under the Terai Arc Landscape Programme, the system aims to discourage wild animals such as tigers and leopards from entering human settlements by creating what experts describe as an “invisible boundary.”

Programme Manager Bharat Bhatta said cameras and special scent dispensers have been installed at 30 strategic locations in the Khata corridor area. The system releases artificial odours that mimic territorial markings of wild animals, which reportedly cause them to retreat, believing another animal has entered their territory.

Officials said the scents used are non-harmful to both humans and wildlife. Initial trials conducted last year identified several effective odour types for deterring leopards and tigers, with further testing of additional variants currently underway.

Programme Officer Pratik Shah said the research-based initiative has been designed for five years. He added that if successful, the technology could reduce reliance on physical barriers such as fencing and help establish a long-term solution to human–wildlife conflict.

The movement and behaviour of wildlife are being monitored through automatic cameras installed in the area, which also help assess the effectiveness of the system.

Technicians involved in the project said the technology could improve safety for local communities and may be expanded to other conflict-prone areas if proven effective.

In recent years, incidents of wild animals entering human settlements in several Tarai districts have increased, leading to human casualties and property damage. The initiative is part of broader conservation efforts focused on biodiversity protection, habitat management, and conflict reduction across Nepal and India.