Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Pakistan sign trilateral defense pact in Makkah

August 8, Kathmandu: Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Pakistan signed a mutual defense agreement on Friday, establishing a collective deterrence framework among the three nations.

The Makkah Joint Defence Agreement was signed at Al-Safa Palace by Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, and Pakistani Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif.

Under the core provision of the agreement, an armed attack against any one of the signatory states will be treated as an attack against them all. The accord commits the three countries to enhancing defense cooperation, strengthening joint deterrence, and expanding security collaboration.

The agreement formalizes growing defense ties between Riyadh, Ankara, and Islamabad amid broader regional security concerns. Officials from the participating states noted that the pact is defensive in nature, aligns with Article 51 of the United Nations Charter regarding collective self-defense, and is not directed at any specific country.